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市政污泥(SS)作为城市污水处理中不可避免的副产物，其含水率高且高度亲水，导致脱水难度大，影响后续填埋和焚烧等处置方式的成本和效率(填埋占地、焚烧耗能)。此外SS中的有机污染物、重金属和病原体等物质易随水迁移，造成二次污染。目前我国主流的脱水工艺仍为机械脱水，脱水后的SS含水率仍在60%以上，大幅提升资源化利用成本，制约其经济可行性，因此亟需开发高效的污泥脱水技术。研究采用Al2O3/CaO构建了污泥快速深度干化体系，并对脱水效果、作用机制及技术经济性进行系统分析。实验结果表明，构建的快速干化体系1 min自发热至104℃，1 h含水率由63.3%降低至36.2%。Al2O3/CaO的协同处理使SS中蛋白质类物质减少，这可能是因为破坏了胞外聚合物(EPS)结构，从而减弱了对水分的束缚作用。同时，干化后的污泥(Al2O3/CaO/SS)具有大量的孔隙结构，表明干化过程可能构建了输水通道，加速水分移除并避免水分的二次浸入。经济分析结果表明，该技术成本为251.1元/t，低于填埋和焚烧。此外，Al2O3/CaO/SS可作为原料制备燃料颗粒、营养土等。研究可实现SS的快速深度脱水，有良好的资源化潜力和实际应用价值。
Abstract：Municipal sewage sludge (SS) is an inevitable by-product of urban wastewater treatment， characterized by high water content and strong hydrophilicity. These properties hinder dehydration efficiency and increase the cost of subsequent disposal methods (land occupation by landfilling， energy consumption by incineration). Additionally， SS contains organic pollutants， heavy metals， and pathogens which easily migrate with water， leading to secondary pollution. Currently， mechanical dehydration is the mainstream process in China. However， the moisture content of the SS after dewatering is still above 60%， which significantly increases the cost of resource utilization and restricts its economic feasibility. Therefore， it is imperative to develop efficient dehydration technologies. A rapid deep drying system for SS was constructed using Al2O3/CaO， and then the dehydration effect， mechanism， and technical economy were evaluated. The results showed that the constructed rapid drying system spontaneously heated up to 104℃ in 1 min and the moisture content was reduced from 63.3% to 36.2% within 1 h. The synergistic treatment of Al2O3/CaO reduced proteinaceous substances within SS， probably by disrupting the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) framework and thereby weakening its water-binding capacity. Moreover， the dried sludge (Al2O3/CaO/SS) exhibited a substantial number of pore structures， suggesting that drying process might have established efficient water transport pathways. These pathways not only expedited water removal， but also effectively prevented secondary water infiltration. Technical and economic analysis showed that the treatment cost was 251.1 yuan per ton， lower than that of landfilling and incineration. Furthermore， Al2O3/CaO/SS could be used as a raw material for producing fuel pellets， nutrient soil， etc. This study realizes rapid deep dehydration of SS and demonstrates good resource utilization potential and practical application value.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19886/j.cnki.dhdz.2025.0434
中图分类号:X703
引用信息:
[1]尤梓宇,王群博,孔祥海,等.市政污泥小时级深度干化及资源化利用[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版)().DOI:10.19886/j.cnki.dhdz.2025.0434.
基金信息:
东华大学学科建设及研究学科建设科研能力提升项目(113-08-0241015); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232024D-17); 泰山产业领军人才(tscy20251054); 上海市农业科技创新项目(2024-02-08-00-12-F00031); 安徽省生态环境厅(2025hb006); 江西省农业关键核心技术攻关(JXNK202307-04-05); 国家自然科学基金项目(52370129); 广西重点研发计划项目(No.Guike AB23026061); 上海市自然科学基金项目（24ZR1403700）; 山东省重点研发计划(科技示范工程)项目(2022SFGC0302); 内蒙古自治区重点研发计划项目(2021GG0300); 中国科学院战略重点研究项目(XDA0450000)
2026-05-08
2026-05-08
2026-05-08