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超级电容器凭借其功率密度高、倍率性能出色、循环稳定性好等优点被广泛应用于储能及动力汽车等领域。超级电容器的性能与电极材料的特性密切相关，因此研究电极材料对提高超级电容器的性能有重要作用。在简要介绍超级电容器储能原理及分类的基础上，着重介绍了电极材料的研究进展。其中：双电层电极材料以碳材料为主，容量较低，发展受限；赝电容电极材料包括导电聚合物、MnO2和MXene,其实际容量远低于理论容量，解决方法是与碳材料或其他过渡金属化合物进行复合；混合电容型电极材料和电池型电极材料(主要是过渡金属化合物)展现出优异的电化学性能；新型电极材料中的金属有机骨架MOFs,未来需要提高导电性。
Abstract：Supercapacitors have been widely used in energy storage and electric vehicles because of their high power density, excellent rate performance, and long-term cycling stability. The characteristics of electrode materials is the key factor determining the performance of supercapacitors, so the study of electrode materials plays an important role in improving the performance of supercapacitors. This review introduces the energy storage mechanisms and classification of supercapacitors, and focuses on the research progress of electrode materials. The bilayer electrode materials are mainly carbon materials with low capacity and limited development. The pseudocapacitive electrode materials include conducting polymers, MnO2 and MXene, whose actual capacity is much lower than the theoretical capacity. The solution is to compound with carbon materials or other transition metal compounds. The hybrid capacitive electrode materials and battery-type electrode materials(mainly transition metal compounds) show excellent electrochemical performance. The metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) in new electrode materials need to improve their conductivity in the future.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19886/j.cnki.dhdz.2021.0454
中图分类号:TM53;TB34
引用信息:
[1]钱宇宸,杨晓晓,张晶晶,等.超级电容器电极材料的研究进展[J],2022,48(06):1-13.DOI:10.19886/j.cnki.dhdz.2021.0454.