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多轴向经编技术是实现碳纤维复合材料性能提升、轻量化目标以及高效率制备的有力手段，也是战略新兴领域应用和发展的重要方向。多轴向经编织物增强复合材料的性能与织造技术密切相关，因此研究织造过程对提高织物及复合材料的性能至关重要。概述了碳纤维多轴向经编织物的结构、性能特点及应用，回顾碳纤维多轴向经编织造设备的发展历程，从铺层装置、经编成圈装置等关键机构的工作原理、存在问题、发展趋势及工艺优化等方面详述多轴向经编技术的研究进展。其中，通过分析衬纬纱的铺设轨迹、复合针和梳栉的运动配合规律及绑缚纱张力波动获得铺纬最佳速度函数与最优成圈位移曲线，是保障铺纬、织造张力一致性、降低织造损伤的有效方法，这将为多轴向经编产品及其复合材料设计提供新的解决方案。
Abstract：Multi-axial warp knitting technology is a powerful means to achieve the performance improvement, lightweight and high-efficiency preparation of carbon fiber composite materials, and is also an important direction for the application and development of strategic emerging fields. The performance of multi-axial warp-knitted fabric reinforced composite is closely related to weaving technology, so it is very important to study the weaving process to improve the performance of fabric and composite. The structure, properties and application of carbon fiber multi-axial warp-knitted fabric are briefly introduced. The development of multi-axial warp knitting equipment of carbon fiber is reviewed, and the research progress of multi-axial warp knitting technology is described in detail from the working principle, existing problems, development trend and process optimization of key mechanisms such as weft-insert technology device and knitted loop formation device. Among them, it is an effective method to ensure the consistency of weft laying and weaving tension and to reduce weaving damage to obtain the optimal weft laying speed function and the optimal loop displacement curve by analyzing the laying track of weft lining yarn, the motion matching law of composite needle and combing bar and the tension fluctuation of binding yarn. It will provide new solutions for the design of multi-axial warp-knitted products and their composite materials.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19886/j.cnki.dhdz.2024.0144
中图分类号:TS106;TB332
引用信息:
[1]肖遥,蒋金华,陈南梁.碳纤维多轴向经编织物的应用及其制备工艺研究进展[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2025,51(02):16-25.DOI:10.19886/j.cnki.dhdz.2024.0144.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3704500); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232023G-06)